You Searched For: Molekula

Description: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a unique serine/threonine kinase that is inactivated by phosphorylation. In response to insulin binding, PKB/AKT phosphorylates GSK-3β on serine 9, which prevents GSK-3β from phosphorylating glycogen synthase. Unphosphorylated glycogen synthase is active and able to synthesize glycogen. GSK-3β is also unique in that it requires a substrate that has been phosphorylated by a distinct kinase before it can phosphorylate the substrate. This phosphate priming mechanism explains why phosphorylation of serine 9 inactivates GSK-3β. The phosphorylated serine binds to the GSK-3β priming phosphate position and prevents binding of alternative substrates. In addition to insulin signaling, GSK-3β participates in the Wnt signaling pathway, where it forms a complex with axin, beta-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein. In the presence of Wnts, GSK-3β is unable to phosphorylate beta-catenin, which leads to stabilization of beta-catenin. The Wnt pathway inactivates GSK-3β via the proteins, Dishevelled and FRAT, which disrupt the interaction of GSK-3β with axin, beta-catenin, and APC. Clinically, there is considerable interest in GSK-3β inhibitors because they may mimic the effect of insulin or reduce the hyperphosphorylation of Tau that is observed in Alzheimer's Disease.

Catalog Number: ENZOADIKAPST002E

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

Supplier: ENZO LIFE SCIENCES

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Description: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a unique serine/threonine kinase that is inactivated by phosphorylation. In response to insulin binding, PKB/AKT phosphorylates GSK-3β on serine 9, which prevents GSK-3β from phosphorylating glycogen synthase. Unphosphorylated glycogen synthase is active and able to synthesize glycogen. GSK-3β is also unique in that it requires a substrate that has been phosphorylated by a distinct kinase before it can phosphorylate the substrate. This phosphate priming mechanism explains why phosphorylation of serine 9 inactivates GSK-3β. The phosphorylated serine binds to the GSK-3β priming phosphate position and prevents binding of alternative substrates. In addition to insulin signaling, GSK-3β participates in the Wnt signaling pathway, where it forms a complex with axin, beta-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein. In the presence of Wnts, GSK-3β is unable to phosphorylate beta-catenin, which leads to stabilization of beta-catenin. The Wnt pathway inactivates GSK-3β via the proteins, Dishevelled and FRAT, which disrupt the interaction of GSK-3β with axin, beta-catenin, and APC. Clinically, there is considerable interest in GSK-3β inhibitors because they may mimic the effect of insulin or reduce the hyperphosphorylation of Tau that is observed in Alzheimer's Disease.

Catalog Number: ENZOADI905762100

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

Supplier: ENZO LIFE SCIENCES

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Description: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a unique serine/threonine kinase that is inactivated by phosphorylation. In response to insulin binding, PKB/AKT phosphorylates GSK-3β on serine 9, which prevents GSK-3β from phosphorylating glycogen synthase. Unphosphorylated glycogen synthase is active and able to synthesize glycogen. GSK-3β is also unique in that it requires a substrate that has been phosphorylated by a distinct kinase before it can phosphorylate the substrate. This phosphate priming mechanism explains why phosphorylation of serine 9 inactivates GSK-3β. The phosphorylated serine binds to the GSK-3β priming phosphate position and prevents binding of alternative substrates. In addition to insulin signaling, GSK-3β participates in the Wnt signaling pathway, where it forms a complex with axin, beta-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein. In the presence of Wnts, GSK-3β is unable to phosphorylate beta-catenin, which leads to stabilization of beta-catenin. The Wnt pathway inactivates GSK-3β via the proteins, Dishevelled and FRAT, which disrupt the interaction of GSK-3β with axin, beta-catenin, and APC. Clinically, there is considerable interest in GSK-3β inhibitors because they may mimic the effect of insulin or reduce the hyperphosphorylation of Tau that is observed in Alzheimer's Disease.

Catalog Number: ENZOADIKAMST002F

UOM: 1 * 200 µG

Supplier: ENZO LIFE SCIENCES

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Description: ω,4-Dibromoacetophenone

Catalog Number: MOLEM87429637

UOM: 1 * 25 g

Supplier: Molekula

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Description: ω,4-Dibromoacetophenone, Millipore®

Catalog Number: 361548-5

UOM: 1 * 5 mg

Supplier: Merck Millipore (Calbiochem‎)

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Description: The Akt (PKB) family of protein kinases are serine/threonine kinases, with three mammalian family members identified to date (Akt1, Akt2, Akt3). Akt is a well-characterized member of PI3 kinase-mediated signaling pathways, regulating cell growth, apoptosis, glycogen synthesis, and other cellular responses through its phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Akt activation is triggered by binding of phospholipid and phosphorylation at two key residues: Thr308 by PDK1, and Ser473 by PDK2, now identified as mTOR. Deregulation of Akt signaling has been associated with cancer, diabetes, and schizophrenia. Akt1 is the cellular homologue of the murine thymoma retroviral oncogene v-akt, and its role in anti-apoptotic and pro-mitotic pathways have made Akt a molecular target for anti-cancer therapeutic intervention. Akt activation inhibits apoptosis by phosphorylating the Bcl-2 related protein Bad, and increases p53 degradation by phosphorylating mdm2. Mitotic substrates of Akt include GSK-3β, p21CIP1, and p27KIP1, cell cycle inhibitors negatively regulated by Akt phosphorylation. Akt has been shown to mediate angiogenesis through regulation of thrombospondins, which may cooperate with pro-mitotic and anti-apoptotic functions of Akt to promote tumorigenesis.

Catalog Number: ENZOADI905773100

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

Supplier: ENZO LIFE SCIENCES

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Description: The Akt (PKB) family of protein kinases are serine/threonine kinases, with three mammalian family members identified (Akt1, Akt2, Akt3). Akt is a well-characterized member of PI3 kinase-mediated signaling pathways, regulating cell growth, apoptosis, glycogen synthesis, and other cellular responses through its phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Akt activation is triggered by binding of phospholipid and phosphorylation at two key residues: Thr308 by PDK1, and Ser473 by PDK2, now identified as mTOR. Deregulation of Akt signaling has been associated with cancer, diabetes, and schizophrenia. Akt1 is the cellular homologue of the murine thymoma retroviral oncogene v-akt, and its role in anti-apoptotic and pro-mitotic pathways have made Akt a molecular target for anti-cancer therapeutic intervention. Akt activation inhibits apoptosis by phosphorylating the Bcl-2 related protein Bad, and increases p53 degradation by phosphorylating mdm2. Mitotic substrates of Akt include GSK-3β, p21CIP1, and p27KIP1, cell cycle inhibitors negatively regulated by Akt phosphorylation. Akt has been shown to mediate angiogenesis through regulation of thrombospondins, which may cooperate with pro-mitotic and anti-apoptotic functions of Akt to promote tumorigenesis.

Catalog Number: ENZOADIKAPPK004F

UOM: 1 * 200 µG

Supplier: ENZO LIFE SCIENCES

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Description: Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulatory Subunit 1A (PPP1R1A) is an inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1. PPP1R1A is a cellular regulator of eIF2 alpha phosphorylation. In hormonal control of glycogen metabolism, IPP-1 protein plays important function. Hormones can elevate intracellular cAMP level and elevate IPP-1 activity. PPP1R1A activation caused cAMP increase , cAMP control over proteins that are not directly phosphorylated by PKA following a rise in intracellular calcium. IPP-1 is inactivated by calcineurin (PP2B). Multiple domains in IPP-1 target cellular PP1 complexes.

Catalog Number: PRSI91-143

UOM: 1 * 50 µG

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

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Description: Anti-Nucleoside Phosphorylase Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Catalog Number: USBIN7100-69K

UOM: 1 * 1 mg

Supplier: US Biological

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Description: Recombinant uridine phosphorylase <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>

Catalog Number: APOSBITP1358-1MG

UOM: 1 * 1 mg

Supplier: Apollo Scientific

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Description: Glycogen (from beef liver)

Catalog Number: ACRO225900250

UOM: 1 * 25 g

Supplier: Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Description: Anti-Phosphorylase Kinase Subunit gamma 1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (FITC (Fluorescein))

Catalog Number: USBIP4075-85-FITC

UOM: 1 * 200 µl

Supplier: US Biological

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Description: Anti-Phosphorylase Kinase Subunit gamma 2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (FITC (Fluorescein))

Catalog Number: USBIP4075-85N-FITC

UOM: 1 * 200 µl

Supplier: US Biological

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Description: Anti-Phosphorylase Kinase Subunit gamma 1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase))

Catalog Number: USBIP4075-85-HRP

UOM: 1 * 200 µl

Supplier: US Biological

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Description: Anti-Thymidine Phosphorylase Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Catalog Number: ABCAAB226917-100

UOM: 1 * 100 µl

Supplier: Abcam

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Description: Anti-Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Catalog Number: USBIP4451-20A

UOM: 1 * 1 mg

Supplier: US Biological

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