You Searched For: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) is an important fetal growth hormone made by theca cells during gestation. IGF-II engages the IGF-I receptor (IGF1R) to mediate embryonic growth. IGF-II also binds the sink IGF-II receptor (IGF2R) leading to IGF-II degradation.

Certificates

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Omentin is an adipokine that is produced and secreted by the small intestine, visceral adipose tissue, perivascular adipose tissue, and epicardial adipose tissue. Omentin enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes and is a link between obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Omentin also functions as a vasodilator and plays a protective role during coronary atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine hormone that regulates energy homeostasis and exerts cardioprotective functions during heart injury. FGF21 is expressed in the liver, pancreas, heart, and adipose tissues.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is produced by a wide variety of cell types, including tumor and vascular cells. VEGF-A is a mediator of vascular growth, vascular permeability, and plays a role in stimulating vasodilation via nitric oxide-dependent pathways. VEGF-A has several alternatively spliced isoforms, with VEGF-165 being the most abundant. The VEGF-165 isoform is a secreted protein that acts on receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 to modulate endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), also known as CCL2, is produced by injured or infected tissues. MCP-1 signals through the CCR2 and CCR4 G protein-coupled receptors to recruit memory T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells to sites of inflammation.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a mitogen that is secreted by vascular endothelial cells in response to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). CTGF promotes cell growth, migration, adhesion, and survival of endothelial cells.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Visfatin is an adipokine produced by visceral adipose tissue.  Visfatin acts as a pro-inflammatory factor for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and mimics the effects of insulin on adipocytes, monocytes, and hepatocytes.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is produced by lymphocytes.  IL-2 signals through the IL-2R receptor to induce activated T cell proliferation and promote T cell differentiation. IL-2 also stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of B cells, natural killer cells, monocytes, and macrophages.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Tumor growth factor alpha (TGF-α) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family. TGF-α function is mediated through binding the EGF receptor (EGFR) to activate receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. TGF-α functions as a mitogen to activate epithelial cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2 (MIP-2), also known as CXCL2, is a small cytokine that is secreted by monocytes and neutrophils at sites of inflammation. MIP-2 functions through the chemokine receptor CXCR2 to act as a chemotactic agent for leukocytes and hematopoietic cells.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF-9) is a mitogen and survival factor for nerve and mesenchymal cells. FGF-9 functions as an autocrine and paracrine factor to support the growth and survival of motor neurons and prostate tissue. FGF-9 expression in the gonad is also necessary for sex determination.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF-8) is a critical mitogenic factor that is required for normal development of the eye, ear, brain, and limb. FGF-8 functions broadly to promote cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Overexpression of FGF-8 increases tumor growth and angiogenesis. Human and mouse FGF-8 proteins show 100% homology.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. IL-10 inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-ƴ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 3 (IL-3), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), made by macrophages and regulatory T cells. IL-10 also suppresses antigen presentation on antigen presenting cells, and enhances the survival, proliferation, and antibody production of B cells. Mouse IL-10 is not active on human cells.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 36 gamma (IL-36 ɣ) is a member of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) cytokine family and protects against pathogens in the skin, lung, and stomach epithelial barriers. IL-36 ɣ binds the interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) and the orphan IL-1R-related protein 2 (IL-1Rrp2) receptors to activate NF-kB and MAP kinase signaling pathways, resulting in the induced production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is produced by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs). IL-1β signals through the IL-1 receptor, type 1 (IL-1R1) to activate the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) signaling pathway, which contains the cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain adapter. IL-1β and the independently regulated IL-1α protein have overlapping proinflammatory activities to induce adhesion molecule expression on epithelial cells, control fever induction, initiate rheumatoid arthritis, and promote septic shock.

Supplier: Shenandoah Biotechnology

Description: Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is an inducer of cell-mediated immunity and is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells after antigen stimulation. IL-12 functions to promote naïve T cell differentiation into the type 1 T helper cell (Th1) lineage. IL-12 also stimulates the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) from T cells and natural killer cells. Mouse IL-12 is active on human and mouse cells.